PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION - fudge

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IS NOT A SCIENCE

Several scholars hold that Public Administration is a science. Jacob Winer writes, "No one knows better than the occupants of the social science chairs that their discipline is so fallible and erratic that to persist in the use of the term scientific is an open invitation to ridicule." Likewise, Morris R. Cobden denies it the status of a science. Dr. Finer is also of the opinion: "We cannot say quite clearly what administrative principles are or what they are not." As such, Public Administration cannot be accorded the status of a science.

Lewis Merriam criticises the 'POSDCORB' view of Public Administration. He [Lewis Merriam is a he or a she ? Merriam = Mary? - G] observes that the 'POSDCORB' view of the scope of Public Administration [P for Planning, O for Organisation, S for Staffing, D for Directing, CO for Coordinating, R for Reporting, B for Budgeting] takes into consideration only the common techniques of administration and ignores the entire scope and nature of the "Subject-Matter" of Public Administration.

(From K.K. Ghai: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, Kalyani Publishers.)

Kishalay Sinha [G]

K.K.!

Ghai - begins with G!

Devdasis

For billions of years, arrogant (recently expired) Satan - self-styled "God" - and his nasty gang of evil male aliens - gang of self-styled "gods" - have used many "goddesses" as spies and assassins and "devdasis" / prostitutes.

Kishalay Sinha [G]

fudge verb

1 to avoid giving exact details or a clear answer about something: He tried to fudge the issue by saying that he did not want to specify periods.

2 to change important figures or facts to deceive people SYN fiddle: Sibley has been fudging his data for years now but no one noticed.

fudge noun

a fudge BrE an attempt to deal with a situation that does not solve its problems completely, or only makes it seem better.

- Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

fudge verb

fudge (on) something (rather informal) to avoid giving clear and accurate information, or a clear answer: I asked how long he was staying, but he fudged the answer. Politicians are often very clever at fudging the issue.

fudge noun

a fudge (especially BrE, rather informal) a way of dealing with a situation that does not really solve the problems but is intended to appear to do so: This solution is a fudge rushed in to win cheers at the party conference.

- Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English

fudge verb = DO BADLY

esp. disapproving to do (something) badly in order to hide a dishonest or illegal action, or to avoid making a clear decision or statement: Each political party is accusing the other of fudging to hide the true level of unemployment. There are complaints that the government has been fudging figures to make it look as though targets have been met.

fudge noun

She suspects that this compromise deal will be nothing more than a fudge. It's a bit of a fudge but we could put the cost through on next year's budget.

- Cambridge International Dictionary of English

Kishalay Sinha [G]